Establishment and characterization of a novel human ampullary carcinoma cell line derived from a Chinese patient

Ampullary carcinoma is an uncommon malignant neoplasm located in Vater's ampulla, necessitating comprehensive exploration of its pathogenesis and therapeutic alternatives. Currently, the available models of ampullary carcinoma are severely restricted, impeding the advancement of fundamental research. Consequently, further models of ampullary carcinoma are required to enhance pertinent fundamental research. This study reports the development of a novel Chinese-origin human ampullary carcinoma cell line, named DPC-X2, utilizing fresh primary tumor tissue from ampullary carcinoma. DPC-X2 has been consistently passaged for more than 60 generations, exhibiting a population doubling time of around 95 h. The cells display atypical shape and distinct heterogeneity. STR profiling verifies that DPC-X2 is a unique human ampullary carcinoma cell line. Karyotype analysis indicates that all DPC-X2 cells have hyper-triploid karyotypes, characterized by a typical karyotype of 100, XXXX der(4), der(6), der(7), inv(9), der(12), der(13), der(19). The xenograft tumor development rate in NXG mice was 66.67%. This cell line exhibits sensitive to gemcitabine while demonstrating resistance to oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and albumin-bound paclitaxel. DPC-X2 may be an important model for investigating the pathogenesis of ampullary carcinoma and for pharmaceutical development research.