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Related Concept Videos

Vitamins01:30

Vitamins

Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced in our...
Minerals01:26

Minerals

Minerals are essential nutrients that the human body needs in small amounts to work properly. They play a vital role in many bodily functions, such as building strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are needed for hormone production or to maintain a normal heartbeat. Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, while trace minerals include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.
Mineral, Vitamin and Water Absorption01:27

Mineral, Vitamin and Water Absorption

Electrolytes are essential minerals and ions primarily obtained from the diet and absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Most electrolytes are absorbed in the small intestine. While the absorption of iron and calcium primarily occurs in the duodenum, calcium is also absorbed in the jejunum and ileum. In these regions, passive diffusion contributes to its absorption alongside active transport mechanisms in the duodenum. These ions can exit the enterocytes through specialized active...
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
Development of the Oral Microbiota01:28

Development of the Oral Microbiota

The establishment of the oral microbiome begins before birth, challenging the long-held belief that the fetal oral cavity is sterile. The presence of oral microbes such as Streptococcus and Fusobacterium in amniotic fluid suggests that microbial exposure may occur in utero, potentially through translocation from the maternal oral or gastrointestinal tract. This early colonization primes the neonatal immune system and sets the stage for subsequent microbial succession. Maternal health,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes
08:45

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Published on: May 10, 2022

[Trace elements and vitamins status during pregnancy].

Bénédicte Lelièvre1, Cécile Ciangura2, Mustapha Zendjabil3

  • 1Laboratoire de pharmacologie-toxicologie, CHU, Angers, France.

Annales De Biologie Clinique
|June 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study focuses on essential micronutrients during pregnancy, crucial for fetal development. It highlights risks of deficiencies, especially in women with bariatric surgery history, and aims to establish reference values for better monitoring.

Keywords:
pregnancyreference valuessupplementationtrace elementsvitamins

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One-step Metabolomics: Carbohydrates, Organic and Amino Acids Quantified in a Single Procedure
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One-step Metabolomics: Carbohydrates, Organic and Amino Acids Quantified in a Single Procedure

Published on: June 25, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes
08:45

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Published on: May 10, 2022

One-step Metabolomics: Carbohydrates, Organic and Amino Acids Quantified in a Single Procedure
09:28

One-step Metabolomics: Carbohydrates, Organic and Amino Acids Quantified in a Single Procedure

Published on: June 25, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Clinical Chemistry

Background:

  • Pregnancy involves significant physiological shifts affecting vitamin and trace element levels.
  • Key micronutrients like folate (B9), vitamin B12, iron, zinc, copper, selenium, and iodine are vital for fetal development.
  • Pregnant women with a history of bariatric surgery need specialized nutritional monitoring due to altered absorption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the lack of validated reference values for micronutrients in the French pregnant population.
  • To facilitate the detection of deficiencies and optimize supplementation monitoring.
  • To establish reference values for key micronutrients as part of the NUMASURG project.

Main Methods:

  • Focuses on micronutrient status during pregnancy.
  • Highlights potential risks of micronutrient deficiencies.
  • Builds upon previous work detailing physiological changes in pregnancy.

Main Results:

  • Identifies crucial micronutrients for fetal development, including vitamins B9, B12, and minerals like iron, zinc, copper, selenium, and iodine.
  • Emphasizes the need for adjusted supplementation and biological monitoring for pregnant women with bariatric surgery history.
  • Points out the absence of validated reference values in the French population.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate monitoring of micronutrients is essential during pregnancy, particularly for at-risk groups.
  • Establishing population-specific reference values is critical for effective deficiency detection and management.
  • This work contributes to improving maternal and fetal health outcomes through better nutritional guidance.