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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Using the Race Model Inequality to Quantify Behavioral Multisensory Integration Effects

Using the Race Model Inequality to Quantify Behavioral Multisensory Integration Effects

Published on: May 10, 2019

Racial Discrimination, Racial Socialization, and Crime over Time: A Social Schematic Theory Model.

Callie H Burt¹, Man Kit Lei², Ronald L Simons²

¹University of Washington.

Criminology : an Interdisciplinary Journal

|June 1, 2026

Summary

Interpersonal racial discrimination (IRD) increases crime risk for African Americans. Familial racial socialization builds resilience, mitigating IRD

Keywords:

Crime Life-Course Racial Discrimination Racial Socialization Social Schemas Social Schematic Theory

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Area of Science:

Criminology
Psychology
Sociology

Background:

Interpersonal racial discrimination (IRD) is linked to increased crime risk in African Americans.
Familial racial socialization may foster resilience to discrimination's criminogenic effects.
Existing research primarily examines short-term effects of IRD and racial socialization on adolescents.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the long-term influence of racialized experiences on crime among African Americans.
To examine how childhood IRD and familial racial socialization impact adult offending through cognitive and social pathways.
To test a life-course social schematic theory (SST) model of crime.

Main Methods:

Utilized data from the Family and Community Health Study (FACHS), a multisite study of Black youth and families.
Tracked participants from ages 10 to 25.
Employed statistical analyses to test the proposed life-course SST model.

Main Results:

Childhood IRD's criminogenic effects are mediated by cognitive schemas and social relationships.
IRD increases criminogenic cognitive schemas, reducing embeddedness in supportive relationships, which influences later crime.
Racial socialization demonstrated resilience, compensating for and buffering the criminogenic effects of discrimination.

Conclusions:

Childhood IRD has lasting criminogenic consequences mediated by cognitive and social pathways.
Familial racial socialization offers significant, enduring resilience against the negative impacts of IRD.
The findings support a life-course SST model for understanding the complex interplay of race, discrimination, socialization, and crime.