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Protocol for Systematic Review: "Understanding Climate Sensitive Infectious Disease Burden in Australia".

Gabriel Parker¹, Fan Yu¹, Claire F Brereton¹

¹School of Public Health, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia.

|June 1, 2026

Summary

Climate change significantly impacts infectious disease spread in Australia. This systematic review protocol outlines a framework to analyze climate-disease links, informing public health policy for climate-sensitive diseases.

Keywords:

Infectious diseases; Communicable diseases; Climate change; Global warming; Australia

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Epidemiology
Public Health

Background:

Climate change is a recognized global driver of infectious disease risk.
Timely information is crucial for public health policy decisions regarding infectious diseases.
Australia faces increasing risks from climate-sensitive infectious diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a framework for rapid systematic reviews on climate change and infectious diseases in Australia.
To estimate the influence of short/long-term climate changes on the burden and distribution of human infectious diseases.
To inform local policymakers and scientists with evidence-based insights.

Main Methods:

Utilizing the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Population, Exposure, Outcome (PEO) methodology.
Including observational and modelling studies from 1995-2025 across all Australian regions.
Conducting comprehensive database searches and applying standardized data extraction and risk of bias assessments (JBI tools, ROBINS-E).

Main Results:

The protocol outlines a systematic approach to synthesize evidence on climate-infectious disease associations.
Standardization of exposure metrics (e.g., per 1°C, per 10mm rainfall) will enable comparability.
Meta-analysis and meta-regression will be considered for data synthesis where feasible.

Conclusions:

This systematic review protocol provides a robust framework for understanding climate-sensitive infectious diseases in Australia.
The findings will support evidence-based public health policy for managing infectious disease risks.
Synthesized evidence will guide interventions related to short-term weather variability and long-term climate change impacts.