Fecal microbiota transplant and its usefulness in hepatic disorders: a systematic review

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an emerging therapeutic approach aimed at restoring gut microbial balance through the transfer of stool from healthy donors. It has gained significant attention for its role in managing gut dysbiosis-associated disorders, particularly hepatic diseases.

This systematic review evaluated the therapeutic efficacy and clinical potential of FMT in the management of liver-related conditions, including recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver cirrhosis, and hepatic encephalopathy.

A systematic review of existing literature was conducted to assess the clinical outcomes, mechanisms, and challenges associated with FMT in hepatic disorders.

Relevant studies were identified from peer-reviewed scientific databases, focusing on clinical trials, observational studies, and experimental research investigating the role of FMT in gut dysbiosis and liver disease. Data were analyzed to evaluate efficacy, underlying mechanisms, and safety considerations.

FMT demonstrated high efficacy in recurrent CDI, with cure rates exceeding 80%-90%. In hepatic disorders, FMT was associated with improved microbial diversity, enhanced gut barrier integrity, and reduced systemic inflammation, contributing to better liver function and clinical outcomes. However, variability in donor selection, potential safety risks, and regulatory limitations remain significant challenges.

FMT represents a promising therapeutic strategy in hepatology, underscoring the critical role of the gut-liver axis. Advances such as synthetic microbiota and personalized microbiome-based therapies may further optimize its safety and efficacy, paving the way for innovative, microbiome-centered interventions in liver disease management.