Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Deindividuation00:57

Deindividuation

Deindividuation is a form of social influence on an individual’s behavior such that the individual engages in unusual or non-normal behavior while in a group setting. Why? Because in these group settings, the individual no longer sees themselves as an individual anymore, disinhibiting their behavior and personal restraint.
Nonconscious Mimicry01:13

Nonconscious Mimicry

Nonconscious mimicry occurs when individuals alter their mannerisms to match the behaviors and expressions of those nearby, without intention.
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
Cooperative Allosteric Transitions01:58

Cooperative Allosteric Transitions

Cooperative allosteric transitions can occur in multimeric proteins, where each subunit of the protein has its own ligand-binding site. When a ligand binds to any of these subunits, it triggers a conformational change that affects the binding sites in the other subunits; this can change the affinity of the other sites for their respective ligands. The ability of the protein to change the shape of its binding site is attributed to the presence of a mix of flexible and stable segments in the...
Role-Based Identity01:21

Role-Based Identity

Role-based identities are central to understanding how individuals navigate social environments by adopting distinct self-conceptions aligned with various societal roles. These identities are not fixed traits but are constructed through personal actions and the social feedback individuals receive in context-specific interactions. Each social role, such as student, teacher, or friend, carries a set of expectations and norms that influence how people think, feel, and behave within that...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Score-mediated mutual consent and indirect reciprocity.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2023
Same author

Incremental Learning of Human Activities in Smart Homes.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2022
Same author

Holds enable one-shot reciprocal exchange.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2022
Same author

Experimental test of birdcall detection by autonomous recorder units and by human observers using broadcast.

Ecology and evolution·2019
Same journal

Effects of highly pathogenic avian influenza on the behaviour and survival of a colonial breeding seabird.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

A special feature highlighting impactful science from countries and regions underrepresented in Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series B.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

Religious rituals in the United Kingdom and Brazil are associated with increased social bonding and pain threshold.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

Limited evidence that reputation-based partner choice facilitates information sharing in humans.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

Phylogenomics resolves the century-old 'Zoraptera problem': Zoraptera as the earliest diverging lineage of Polyneoptera.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2026
Same journal

Paternal dietary macronutrients affect the seminal vesicle fluid proteome and fetal development: a geometric framework for nutrition study in mice.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Videos

Tokens enable cooperation without identification or memory.

Marcus Frean1, Stephen Marsland2

  • 1Engineering and Computer Science, Victoria University of Wellington , Wellington, New Zealand.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|June 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cooperation can occur between strangers without recognition or memory. Externalized reputation systems using recognizable tokens promote more cooperation than traditional indirect reciprocity models.

Keywords:
cooperationindirect reciprocitytokens

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary game theory
  • Social behavior
  • Behavioral economics

Background:

  • Indirect reciprocity facilitates cooperation among strangers by relying on recognition and memory.
  • Existing models require individuals to identify each other and recall past interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate novel mechanisms for cooperation beyond traditional indirect reciprocity.
  • To explore the role of externalized reputation systems in promoting cooperation.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical modeling of evolutionary cooperation dynamics.
  • Introduction of an object-based reputation system using tokens.
  • Analysis of cooperation rates under varying conditions of noise and token multiplicity.

Main Results:

  • Cooperation is possible without individual recognition or shared memory.
  • Reputation embodied in recognizable tokens enables cooperation.
  • Externalized reputation systems with multiple tokens enhance cooperation levels compared to existing models.
  • Object-based reputation systems demonstrate greater robustness to noise.

Conclusions:

  • Externalized reputation systems, particularly object-based ones, offer a viable alternative for fostering cooperation.
  • These systems bypass the need for individual identification and memory, broadening the scope of cooperation.
  • Object-based reputation may serve as a bridge between reputation systems and the evolution of token-based exchange and money.