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The Dickkopf Protein Family in Non-Neoplastic Disorders: Emerging Roles and Therapeutic Targeting

Juju Zhou1, Xiaoqian Zhu1, Weihan Chen1

  • 1Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China.

Aging and Disease
|June 3, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Dickkopf (DKK) proteins regulate Wnt signaling and are crucial for development. Recent research highlights their roles in non-oncological diseases, suggesting potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The Dickkopf (DKK) family (DKK1-4) are secreted glycoproteins.
  • DKK proteins antagonize the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
  • This pathway is vital for cellular proliferation, differentiation, development, and tissue homeostasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent research (past three years) on DKK protein roles in non-oncological diseases.
  • To examine the potential of DKK proteins as diagnostic biomarkers.
  • To explore DKK proteins as therapeutic targets for non-oncological conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review.
  • Analysis of recent research findings (past three years).
  • Synthesis of data on DKK protein involvement in various diseases.

Main Results:

  • DKK protein dysregulation is linked to cancers.
  • DKK family members are implicated in osteoporosis, arthritis, chronic kidney disease (CKD), myocardial injury, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and alopecia.
  • DKK proteins show potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Conclusions:

  • DKK proteins play significant roles in diverse non-oncological diseases.
  • Further research into DKK proteins could lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
  • Addressing challenges in DKK research is key for clinical applications.

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