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Integrating Computerized Linguistic and Social Network Analyses to Capture Addiction Recovery Capital in an Online Community
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Social Media Use Trajectories and Substance Use Experimentation: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Jason M Nagata1,2, Jennifer H Wong1, Samuel E Benabou1

  • 1Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco.

The American Journal of Psychiatry
|June 10, 2026
PubMed
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Increasing social media use in adolescents is linked to higher odds of experimenting with alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine. Early and rapid increases in social media time showed the strongest associations with substance experimentation.

Keywords:
AdolescenceDrug UseSocial NetworkingTrajectory Analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Adolescent Health
  • Digital Media Studies
  • Substance Use Research

Background:

  • Longitudinal studies on social media and adolescent substance use are limited.
  • Cross-sectional research provides an incomplete picture of this relationship.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine prospective associations between social media time trajectories and substance use experimentation in adolescents.
  • To identify patterns of social media use over time and their link to experimentation with alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 7,166 adolescents (ages 9-16) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.
  • Group-based trajectory modeling to identify social media use patterns from baseline to year 4.
  • Logistic regression to assess associations between trajectories and substance experimentation at year 5, controlling for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Four distinct social media time trajectories were identified: no/low use, moderate increasing, mid-onset rapid increasing, and early-onset rapid increasing.
  • All increasing social media trajectories were associated with higher odds of alcohol, cannabis, and nicotine experimentation compared to no/low use.
  • The early-onset, rapid increasing trajectory showed the largest association with substance experimentation, particularly cannabis (aOR=16.86).

Conclusions:

  • Increasing social media use trajectories are prospectively linked to a greater likelihood of adolescent substance use experimentation.
  • Findings highlight the importance of addressing digital habits in early adolescence for public health.
  • Interventions promoting healthier social media engagement may help mitigate substance use risks.