Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 12, 2026

X-ray Beam Induced Current Measurements for Multi-Modal X-ray Microscopy of Solar Cells
Published on: August 20, 2019
Suppression of slot-line mode in thin-film lithium niobate modulators with an integrated frequency-domain equalizer
Abstract:
Recent developments in electro-optic (EO) frequency-domain equalizers (EOFDEs) have demonstrated significant potential for extending modulation bandwidth. However, conventional EOFDE architectures typically exceed 10 cm in length, hindering compact integration. Here, we present a folded thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) EOFDE incorporating capacitively loaded traveling-wave electrodes (CL-TWEs) and curved microwave transmission lines. This folded architecture reduces the device footprint by approximately two-thirds. We established a theoretical model to analyze the EO response, accounting for CL-TWEs with various curved electrode geometries. Our analysis reveals that significant microwave losses originate from slot-line mode excitation. These losses are effectively mitigated by implementing narrow signal electrodes and reducing electrode spacing in the bent sections, thereby preventing a steep decline in high-frequency bandwidth. Experimental characterization demonstrates that the fabricated folded EOFDE achieves a low half-wave voltage of 1.35 V and a 3-dB EO bandwidth of 92 GHz.
Related Concept Videos
Biasing of FET
In an N-channel JFET, the structure consists of N-type material forming the channel on a P-type substrate, with the gate...
MOSFET: Enhancement Mode
In their basic form, enhancement-mode MOSFETs are typically non-conductive when the gate-source voltage (Vgs) is zero. This default 'off' state means no current...
Load-frequency control
Power Factor Correction
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear.

