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Impact of Increasing Antenna Model Complexity on Microwave Tomography Using DBIM.

Thomas Vasileiou1, Maria Koutsoupidou1, Panagiotis Kosmas2

  • 1Meta Materials Europe, 15123 Marousi, Greece.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
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Sophisticated antenna modeling in microwave tomography (MWT) does not always improve reconstruction accuracy. Practical calibration significantly impacts MWT results more than complex antenna modeling.

Area of Science:

  • Electromagnetics
  • Medical Imaging
  • Computational Science

Background:

  • Microwave tomography (MWT) reconstruction accuracy is limited by modeling errors.
  • Accurate antenna modeling is crucial for reducing MWT errors, but its impact is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the benefit of increasing antenna model complexity in MWT.
  • To evaluate the influence of antenna modeling on reconstruction accuracy using FDTD and DBIM.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) for antenna and forward-problem modeling.
  • Employed the distorted Born iterative method (DBIM) for iterative inversion.
  • Compared various FDTD models of increasing complexity for different antennas.
Keywords:
antenna modelingcalibrationdistorted Born iterative method (DBIM)finite-difference time-domain (FDTD)microwave tomographynumerical study

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Main Results:

  • Complex antenna modeling did not consistently enhance reconstruction accuracy for monopole antennas in MWT.
  • Model-error analysis indicated that calibration is essential and outweighs detailed antenna modeling.

Conclusions:

  • In practical MWT applications, focusing on calibration is more critical than increasing antenna model complexity.
  • Calibration's impact on accuracy surpasses that of sophisticated antenna modeling for common MWT antennas.