Decoding the Neurological Connection Between Rosacea and Migraines: Exploring Shared Mechanisms

Rosacea and migraine are prevalent chronic disorders traditionally viewed as distinct conditions affecting separate organ systems. However, emerging evidence suggests a significant overlap, notably through shared neurovascular and neuroinflammatory pathways. This literature review explores the mechanisms linking rosacea, a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by facial flushing and sensitivity, and migraine, a neurological disorder marked by recurrent headaches. Current research highlights the critical roles of neuropeptides, including calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), substance P (SP), and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), in mediating inflammation and vascular dysregulation common to both conditions. Despite these advances, notable gaps remain, such as limited data on the impact of migraine treatments (e.g., CGRP inhibitors) on rosacea, unclear reasons behind the selective comorbidity of these conditions, minimal research comparing rosacea to other headache disorders, and methodological limitations across studies. Addressing these gaps through interdisciplinary research holds promise for improved clinical outcomes. This review underscores the importance of recognizing rosacea and migraine as interrelated neurovascular disorders, advocating for integrated therapeutic approaches, and proposing directions for future research.