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COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF BIOFILM FORMATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS IN PURULENT-INFLAMMATORY
M Rashova1, A Kabduova2, Z Sailau2
11Department of Biomedicine, Karaganda Medical University; 2Department of Surgical Diseases, Karaganda Medical Universit, Kazakhstan.
Introduction:
Treatment of biofilms is a priority in purulent surgery. A biofilm consists of 75-85% extracellular polymeric matrix and 15-20% microbial cells. Polysaccharides, proteins, and extracellular DNA within the matrix protect bacteria from adverse environmental factors (pH, antibiotics, phagocytosis). Communication between bacteria occurs through the "quorum sensing" system. Bacteria within biofilms are 100-1000 times more resistant to antibiotics compared to planktonic forms. This is explained by the limited penetration of antibiotics into the matrix and the reduced metabolic activity of the cells. Bacteria of the genus Staphylococcus, particularly Staphylococcus aureus, are currently recognized as the main causative agents of purulent-inflammatory diseases.
Objective Of The Study:
to comprehensively assess the biofilm-forming activity of staphylococcal strains isolated from patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases of soft tissues (PIDs), as well as to determine the characteristics of their sensitivity to the main antimicrobial agents.
Materials And Methods:
To achieve the objectives of the study, we conducted a research project and examined 80 strains of the genus Staphylococcus isolated from purulent-inflammatory diseases. Of these, 50 belonged to the main group (MG) and 30 to the control group (CG). The identification of species characteristics of the 80 strains from the main and control groups was carried out based on their morphological, cultural, and biochemical properties. In addition, these strains were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
Results:
Analysis of the obtained results showed that S. aureus was predominant in both groups. During the study, 50 staphylococcal strains and two species-S. aureus and S. epidermidis-were identified among samples collected from patients with purulent-inflammatory diseases. In the control group, out of 30 strains, only one species-S. aureus-was identified. Biofilm-forming activity was also assessed based on microcolony size, and the morphological and tinctorial properties of isolated biofilm samples were studied. The field of view, number of objects, and their proportion within the field of view were calculated using digital images of the samples. The following microcolony sizes were taken into account: up to 10 µm², from 10 to 100 µm², from 100 to 1000 µm², from 1000 to 10,000 µm², and over 10,000 µm².
Insights
Staphylococcus aureus and S. epidermidis strains from purulent-inflammatory diseases exhibit significant biofilm-forming activity. Understanding biofilm characteristics is crucial for developing effective treatments against these antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Medical Science
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Bacterial biofilms, comprising 75-85% extracellular polymeric matrix, pose a significant challenge in purulent surgery due to high antibiotic resistance (100-1000x greater than planktonic forms).
- The matrix protects bacteria from antibiotics and host defenses, while quorum sensing facilitates intercellular communication.
- Staphylococcus species, particularly Staphylococcus aureus, are primary causative agents of purulent-inflammatory diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To comprehensively assess the biofilm-forming activity of staphylococcal strains isolated from patients with soft tissue purulent-inflammatory diseases (PIDs).
- To characterize the antimicrobial sensitivity profiles of these biofilm-forming staphylococcal strains.
Main Methods:
- Examined 80 Staphylococcus strains (50 from main group, 30 from control group) isolated from PIDs.
- Identified bacterial species using morphological, cultural, biochemical properties, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
- Assessed biofilm-forming activity by analyzing microcolony size, morphology, and tinctorial properties via digital image analysis.
Main Results:
- Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant species identified in both patient and control groups.
- S. aureus and S. epidermidis were identified in the main group (50 strains), while only S. aureus was found in the control group (30 strains).
- Biofilm formation was quantified by measuring microcolony sizes across various ranges (up to 10 µm² to over 10,000 µm²).
Conclusions:
- Staphylococcal strains, especially S. aureus, isolated from PIDs demonstrate notable biofilm-forming capabilities.
- The study highlights the importance of evaluating biofilm characteristics in clinical isolates for effective treatment strategies.
- Further research is needed to correlate biofilm formation with antimicrobial resistance patterns in these pathogens.
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