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Updated: Jun 16, 2026

In vivo Application of the REMOTE-control System for the Manipulation of Endogenous Gene Expression
Published on: March 29, 2019
Programming the translational landscape for predictable gene expression
Wenxing Yan1, Guipeng Hu1, Kaifang Liu2
1School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; School of Life Sciences and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
None:
Precision engineering of biological systems requires multi-layered control of gene expression, where translational regulation serves as a critical intermediary balancing response speed and metabolic cost. This review explores the multi-faceted landscape of translation engineering across its initiation, elongation, and termination phases. We evaluate how the architecture of the 5'-UTR and mRNA folding dictate initiation rates, how synonymous codon optimization and ribosome-stalling kinetics influence elongation speed, and how termination-level interventions, such as stop-codon readthrough and mRNA decay, modulate final protein yields. This review underscores the transition from trial-and-error tuning to the rational design of translational landscapes, offering a roadmap for developing sophisticated synthetic biological systems tailored for smart biomanufacturing and precision medicine.
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