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Minimally Invasive Endoscopic Intracerebral Hemorrhage Evacuation
Published on: October 15, 2021
International Pain and Spine Intervention Society Emergency Protocols: Epidural Hematoma
Kathryn Grace1, Nathaniel M Schuster2, Clark C Smith3
1Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Abstract:
This protocol addresses the diagnosis and emergency management of epidural hematoma, a rare but potentially catastrophic complication of neuraxial procedures. It reviews key risk factors such as anticoagulation, traumatic needle placement, and coagulopathy, as well as warning signs including severe axial pain, neurologic deficits, and bowel or bladder dysfunction. The protocol emphasizes urgent imaging, spine surgical consultation, and rapid intervention to prevent permanent neurologic injury.
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