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Use and Interpretation of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures in Randomized Controlled Trials in Prosthodontics
The International Journal of Prosthodontics
|June 19, 2026
Summary
Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) use in prosthodontic trials is increasing but inconsistent. Methodological rigor and interpretation using minimal important difference (MID) are lacking, limiting clinical applicability.
Area of Science:
- Dental research
- Prosthodontics
- Clinical trials
Background:
- Patient-centered care is increasingly emphasized in healthcare.
- The utilization, reporting, and interpretation of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in prosthodontic randomized controlled trials (RCTs) require evaluation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the frequency, quality of reporting, and interpretability of PROMs in prosthodontic RCTs.
- To identify factors influencing PROM inclusion in prosthodontic research.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review of 228 RCTs published in high-impact dental and prosthodontic journals between 2020 and 2025.
- Data extraction focused on PROM inclusion, primary outcome status, reporting of estimates and confidence intervals, validity, reliability, responsiveness, and use of minimal important difference (MID).
- Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with PROM inclusion.
Main Results:
- PROMs were reported in abstracts (44.3%) and main texts (49.6%) of included RCTs.
- Only 39.8% used PROMs as primary outcomes, and 38.1% reported point estimates with confidence intervals.
- Evidence of PROM validity, reliability, and responsiveness was rarely reported (15%), and only 1.8% used MID for interpretation.
Conclusions:
- While PROM use shows a slight upward trend, it remains inconsistent and lacks methodological rigor.
- The limited reporting and interpretation of PROM data hinder clinical applicability.
- Adherence to methodological standards, reporting guidelines, and use of MID are crucial for enhancing prosthodontic research quality.
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