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Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 23, 2026

Adapted Resistance Training Improves Strength in Eight Weeks in Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
08:48

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Published on: January 29, 2016

Implementing Co-innovation to Develop an Accessible, Web-Based Exercise Program for People with Multiple Sclerosis.

T Bradley Willingham1, Julie F Stowell1, Marina Moldavskiy1

  • 1Virginia C. Crawford Research Institute, Shepherd Center, Atlanta, GA.

Archives of Rehabilitation Research and Clinical Translation
|June 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A co-designed web-based exercise program for multiple sclerosis (MS) showed promise, with participants reporting high usability and improved mobility. This patient-centered approach addresses diverse needs for effective remote rehabilitation.

Keywords:
Digital healthPatient-centered designPhysical activityRehabilitationWeb-based intervention

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Area of Science:

  • Rehabilitation Science
  • Digital Health
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Developing effective, patient-centered exercise programs for individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) is crucial for managing symptoms and improving quality of life.
  • Web-based interventions offer a scalable solution for delivering exercise programs remotely, enhancing accessibility for people with MS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply a patient-centered co-innovation framework to develop and preliminarily evaluate a web-based exercise program tailored for individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To identify patient needs and preferences to inform the design of a safe, feasible, and user-friendly tele-exercise program.

Main Methods:

  • An exploratory sequential mixed-methods study involving focus groups (n=16) to gather needs and preferences, followed by a 6-week pilot intervention (n=15) of a web-based exercise program.
  • The tele-exercise program included 3 weekly sessions of aerobic and resistance exercises with modifications, plus weekly virtual coaching.
  • Outcomes included user experience, adherence, safety (adverse events), and mobility measures (6MWT, 5xSTS, TUG, T25FW).

Main Results:

  • Focus groups yielded actionable insights into exercise type, instruction, safety, modifications, and delivery preferences, directly shaping the program.
  • No adverse events were reported during the pilot. Adherence averaged 75% in Wave 1 and 56% in Wave 2, with higher rates among those completing at least one session.
  • Significant improvements were observed in 6-Minute Walk Test (+20.4%), Five Times Sit to Stand (-16.6%), and Timed Up and Go (-14.9%). User experience ratings indicated high usability and convenience.

Conclusions:

  • Patient-centered co-innovation effectively informs the development of evidence-aligned, web-based exercise programs for people with MS, addressing their complex needs.
  • The developed program is safe, feasible, and enhances user experience, supporting further evaluation in larger, diverse populations.
  • Future research should explore social support features to further enhance engagement in remote exercise interventions for MS.