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Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:45

Valence Bond Theory

Overview of Valence Bond Theory
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Network Covalent Solids02:18

Network Covalent Solids

Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...
MO Theory and Covalent Bonding02:40

MO Theory and Covalent Bonding

The molecular orbital theory describes the distribution of electrons in molecules in a manner similar to the distribution of electrons in atomic orbitals. The region of space in which a valence electron in a molecule is likely to be found is called a molecular orbital. Mathematically, the linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) generates molecular orbitals. Combinations of in-phase atomic orbital wave functions result in regions with a high probability of electron density, while...
Covalent Bonding and Lewis Structures02:46

Covalent Bonding and Lewis Structures

Compared to ionic bonds, which results from the transfer of electrons between metallic and nonmetallic atoms, covalent bonds result from the mutual attraction of atoms for a “shared” pair of electrons.
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...

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Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs): A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface
08:42

Microfluidic-based Synthesis of Covalent Organic Frameworks (COFs): A Tool for Continuous Production of COF Fibers and Direct Printing on a Surface

Published on: July 10, 2017

Covalent Organic Frameworks for CO2 Capture: From Design to Application.

Hafezeh Nabipour1, Sohrab Rohani1

  • 1Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) show great promise for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture. Functionalized COFs with enhanced active sites significantly improve CO2 adsorption and separation efficiency.

Keywords:
carbon capturecovalent organic frameworksgas adsorptionporous materials

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations necessitate advanced carbon capture technologies.
  • Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) offer tunable structures, high surface areas, and controllable pore environments for CO2 adsorption and separation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in COF-based CO2 capture systems.
  • To summarize the structure-property relationships in COFs for CO2 capture.
  • To identify challenges and future directions for COF materials in CO2 capture.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pristine COFs, functionalized COFs, composite materials, and membrane architectures.
  • Analysis of CO2 adsorption mechanisms, including physisorption and chemisorption.
  • Evaluation of performance factors like capacity, selectivity, and regenerability.

Main Results:

  • Pristine COFs rely on micropore confinement and physisorption.
  • Functionalized COFs with amine groups, heteroatoms, and metal centers enhance CO2 affinity via stronger interactions.
  • Composite COFs and membranes improve performance through synergy and interfacial engineering.

Conclusions:

  • COFs are highly promising for CO2 capture, with functionalization significantly boosting performance.
  • Challenges include optimizing capacity, selectivity, and regenerability under realistic conditions.
  • Future research should focus on humid-stable COFs, direct air capture, computational design, and advanced membranes.