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Related Concept Videos

¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Deuterium (²H) Substitution00:48

¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Deuterium (²H) Substitution

This lesson illustrates the role of deuterium substitution in simplifying the NMR spectrum of compounds comprising labile protons. One method employed is the use of deuterium. Amongst the three isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium (2H) has a nucleus composed of one proton and one neutron. When the D2O solvent is added to a pure dry ethanol solution, its labile proton is substituted with deuterium.
¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
Proton (¹H) NMR: Chemical Shift01:07

Proton (¹H) NMR: Chemical Shift

Organic molecules primarily contain carbon and hydrogen atoms. While all the hydrogen isotopes are NMR-active, protium or hydrogen-1 is the most abundant. It has a significant energy separation between its nuclear spin states due to its large gyromagnetic ratio. As per Boltzmann's distribution, an increase in the energy separation implies a greater excess population of nuclei available for excitation, resulting in a strong NMR absorption signal.
Absorption signals of all the protium nuclei in a...
¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Temporal Resolution01:10

¹H NMR of Labile Protons: Temporal Resolution

Protons bonded to heteroatoms such as nitrogen and oxygen exhibit a range of chemical shift values. This is due to the varying degree of hydrogen bonding between the proton and the heteroatom in other molecules. The extent of hydrogen bonding affects the electron density around the proton, thereby giving different chemical shift values for the protons in the proton NMR spectrum.
The –OH proton in alcohols typically appears in the range of δ 2 to 5 ppm but can vary depending on the specific...
2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other axis.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis
14:11

Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis

Published on: March 29, 2016

Photochemical Pump, Benchtop NMR Probe Spectroscopy for Reaction Monitoring With paraHydrogen.

Alastair D Robinson1,2, Fraser Hill-Casey1,3, Simon B Duckett1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, UK.

Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry : MRC
|June 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new method using parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) with benchtop NMR for in situ reaction monitoring. This technique enhances sensitivity, enabling detailed observation of photochemical reactions and kinetic analysis.

Keywords:
1HNMR spectroscopyhyperpolarisationiridium and ruthenium dihydridesparahydrogenphotochemistryreaction monitoring

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Measuring Interactions of Globular and Filamentous Proteins by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and Microscale Thermophoresis (MST)
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Measuring Interactions of Globular and Filamentous Proteins by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and Microscale Thermophoresis (MST)

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Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Opens New Avenues for Imaging Physiologically Important Parameters In Vivo
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Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Opens New Avenues for Imaging Physiologically Important Parameters In Vivo

Published on: September 26, 2016

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Last Updated: Jun 27, 2026

Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis
14:11

Quantification of Hydrogen Concentrations in Surface and Interface Layers and Bulk Materials through Depth Profiling with Nuclear Reaction Analysis

Published on: March 29, 2016

Measuring Interactions of Globular and Filamentous Proteins by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and Microscale Thermophoresis (MST)
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Measuring Interactions of Globular and Filamentous Proteins by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and Microscale Thermophoresis (MST)

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Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Opens New Avenues for Imaging Physiologically Important Parameters In Vivo
08:01

Rapid Scan Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Opens New Avenues for Imaging Physiologically Important Parameters In Vivo

Published on: September 26, 2016

Area of Science:

  • * In situ reaction monitoring
  • * Photochemistry and catalysis
  • * Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy

Background:

  • * Understanding catalysis requires observing transient intermediates and determining kinetic parameters.
  • * Benchtop NMR spectrometers have inherent sensitivity limitations for studying fast reactions.
  • * Parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) significantly enhances NMR signals for hydride-containing compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To develop and demonstrate a methodology for in situ investigation of photochemical ligand exchange and oxidative addition.
  • * To overcome sensitivity limitations of benchtop NMR for studying catalytic processes.
  • * To enable precise kinetic measurements and mechanistic insights into photochemical reactions.

Main Methods:

  • * Utilized a benchtop NMR spectrometer with a through-bore UV irradiation system.
  • * Employed parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) for enhanced signal detection.
  • * Implemented pump-probe synchronization and spin-lock pulses for observing fast reactions and preserving spin states.

Main Results:

  • * Successfully monitored the photochemical addition of H2 to trans-[IrCl(CO)(PPh3)2] over 10 minutes, yielding a second-order rate constant.
  • * Observed coherent magnetic oscillations in 2D pump-probe NMR spectra after reaction.
  • * Mapped two photochemical pathways for iodo-derivatives of Vaska's complex, identifying ligand-exchange products.

Conclusions:

  • * The combination of PHIP and synchronized in situ irradiation makes benchtop NMR a powerful tool for reactivity studies.
  • * This methodology allows for detailed mechanistic investigations of photochemical reactions.
  • * The study provides a foundation for applying advanced NMR techniques to catalysis research.