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Acne is a multifactorial skin condition primarily affecting adolescents and young adults, with a global prevalence estimated to exceed 75% in this demographic. The condition is characterized by the formation of comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and, in severe cases, cysts, particularly in areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the face, neck, chest, and back. The pathogenesis involves increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratinization, colonization by...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 27, 2026

A Rat Model of Compound Acne

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Published on: November 1, 2024

Usnic Acid and Its Topical Use-A Concise Review.

Gabriela Siedlarczyk^1,2, Irma Podolak², Agnieszka Galanty²

¹Doctoral School of Medical and Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 16 Łazarza Str., 31-530 Cracow, Poland.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

|June 26, 2026

Summary

Usnic acid shows promise for melanoma treatment and wound healing, but its use is limited by toxicity. Advanced formulations are key to overcoming these challenges for dermatological applications.

Keywords:

lichen extracts liposomes melanoma topical usnic acid wound healing

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Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging

Visualizing and Quantifying Pharmaceutical Compounds within Skin using Coherent Raman Scattering Imaging

Published on: November 24, 2021

Area of Science:

Dermatology
Oncology
Pharmacology

Background:

Usnic acid (UA), a lichen metabolite, has dual therapeutic potential in dermatology.
Clinical use is hindered by hepatotoxicity and poor solubility.

Purpose of the Study:

Evaluate topical efficacy, molecular mechanisms, and formulation strategies for UA.
Focus on UA enantiomers and UA-rich extracts for dermatological and oncological care.

Main Methods:

Comprehensive literature search (PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar) of 36 publications.
Analysis of in vitro studies on anti-melanoma activity and tissue regeneration.
Review of advanced drug delivery systems for UA topical application.

Main Results:

Usnic acid induces apoptosis in resistant melanoma cell lines, with (-)-UA overcoming doxorubicin resistance.
Low UA concentrations promote wound/burn healing by upregulating VEGF and fibroblast activity.
Advanced formulations (liposomes, nanoemulsions, nanogels) enhance skin permeability and retention.

Conclusions:

Topical UA demonstrates anti-melanoma and tissue regenerative properties.
Advanced drug delivery systems mitigate UA toxicity and improve efficacy.
Bio-functionalized dressings and nano-formulations are crucial for clinical translation.