Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

DNA Base Pairing

DNA Base Pairing

Erwin Chargaff’s rules on DNA equivalence paved the way for the discovery of base pairing in DNA. Chargaff’s rules state that in a double-stranded DNA molecule,

DNA Base Pairing

DNA Base Pairing

Erwin Chargaff’s rules on DNA equivalence paved the way for the discovery of base pairing in DNA. Chargaff’s rules state that in a double-stranded DNA molecule,

Base-pairing and DNA Repair

Base-pairing and DNA Repair

Erwin Chargaff’s rules on DNA equivalence paved the way for the discovery of base pairing in DNA. Chargaff’s rules state that in a double-stranded DNA molecule,

Proofreading

Proofreading

Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore, it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase Enzyme

Proofreading

Proofreading

Synthesis of new DNA molecules starts when DNA polymerase links nucleotides together in a sequence that is complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity for the correct base to ensure fidelity in DNA replication. The DNA polymerase furthermore proofreads during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.Errors during Replication Are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase EnzymeGenomic DNA is synthesized in...

The DNA Helix

The DNA Helix

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A Fluorogenic Hydrazino-Pictet-Spengler Reaction in Live Cells.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2025

Same author

"Click" disaggregation-induced emission of a fluorescent dye.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2025

Same author

Stepwise virus assembly in the cell nucleus revealed by spatiotemporal click chemistry of DNA replication.

Science advances·2024

Same author

Fluorescent molecular rotors detect <i>O</i><sup>6</sup>-methylguanine dynamics and repair in duplex DNA.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2024

Same author

Formal [4 + 2] Cycloadditions of Maleimides on Duplex DNA.

Bioconjugate chemistry·2023

Same author

A Bright and Ionizable Cytosine Mimic for <i>i</i>-Motif Structures.

Bioconjugate chemistry·2023

Same journal

On-Cell Detection of Polysaccharide One-Bond <sup>1</sup>J<sub>CH</sub> Couplings by Proton-Detected Solid-State NMR.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same journal

Correction to "Unraveling the Effects of Fe Incorporation on High-Performance Water-Splitting Photoanodes".

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same journal

Proximity-Driven Protein Ligation Beyond the Concentration Limit.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same journal

GraPhAI: Neural Networks for Solving Centrosymmetric Crystal Structures.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same journal

Probing Stage Transition Kinetics in Li-Graphite Intercalation Compounds by Time-Resolved In Situ Solid-State NMR via <sup>13</sup>C Labeling.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

Same journal

Correction to "In Vivo Multiplexed Analysis of Aminopeptidase Activities by Hyperpolarized Molecular Probes for Tumor Diagnostic Applications".

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

Published on: December 29, 2021

Dynamic Covalent Programming at DNA Base-Pairing Interfaces.

Matthias J Thijs¹, Nathan W Luedtke^1,2

¹McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St W, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada.

Journal of the American Chemical Society

|June 30, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new method to program fluorescent nucleobase analogues (FBAs) within DNA. This hydrazone-based platform allows for tunable optical properties and real-time monitoring of DNA structure and dynamics.

More Related Videos

Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA

Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA

Published on: April 26, 2013

Self-assembly of Complex Two-dimensional Shapes from Single-stranded DNA Tiles

Self-assembly of Complex Two-dimensional Shapes from Single-stranded DNA Tiles

Published on: May 8, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 1, 2026

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

DNA-Tethered RNA Polymerase for Programmable In vitro Transcription and Molecular Computation

Published on: December 29, 2021

Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA

Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA

Published on: April 26, 2013

Self-assembly of Complex Two-dimensional Shapes from Single-stranded DNA Tiles

Self-assembly of Complex Two-dimensional Shapes from Single-stranded DNA Tiles

Published on: May 8, 2015

Area of Science:

Chemical Biology
Nucleic Acid Chemistry
Biophysical Chemistry

Background:

Fluorescent nucleobase analogues (FBAs) are valuable tools for studying nucleic acid structure and dynamics.
Existing methods for programming FBA function at DNA's hydrogen-bonding interface are limited.
Controlling FBA behavior requires precise chemical modifications compatible with DNA synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To introduce a novel nucleobase design strategy for conformational programming within DNA.
To create a library of hydrazone nucleobases with tunable optical and conformational properties.
To explore the use of these modified nucleobases for real-time monitoring and sensing applications.

Main Methods:

Site-specific incorporation of a 6-amino adenine analogue (^hzA) using phosphoramidite chemistry.
Post-synthetic condensation with various aldehydes to generate diverse hydrazone nucleobases.
Characterization of photophysical properties (brightness, quantum yield, excitation/emission maxima) and kinetic/thermodynamic analyses in different DNA structures (ssDNA, duplex DNA).

Main Results:

Generated exceptionally bright FBAs with tunable properties, including a coumarin-derived system with >120-fold fluorescence enhancement.
Demonstrated that DNA structure dictates hydrazone formation rates and product stability, with ssDNA favoring rapid formation and high stability.
Developed a specific hydrazone analogue (^CySalA) that selectively pairs with thymidine and exhibits distinct responses to metal ions and base-pairing mismatches.

Conclusions:

Established a versatile hydrazone-based platform for programming functional states at DNA's hydrogen-bonding interface.
Transformed a native hydrogen-bonding face into a modular chemical handle for fine-tuning DNA structure, reactivity, and optical responses.
This approach enables advanced applications in real-time DNA monitoring, structural studies, and molecular sensing.