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BHOD: a bone health optimized dietary pattern designed for osteoporosis prevention
Yi Zheng1, Yucan Li1, Yawen Gao2
1State Key Laboratory of Genetics and Development of Complex Phenotypes, School of Public Health, Human Phenome Institute, and National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
NPJ Science of Food
|July 1, 2026
Summary
A new Bone Health Optimized Diet (BHOD) precisely reduces osteoporosis risk. This dietary pattern also benefits other musculoskeletal disorders and mitigates genetic susceptibility to bone loss.
Area of Science:
- Nutritional Science
- Bone Health
- Preventive Medicine
Background:
- Existing diets lack precision for osteoporosis prevention.
- Osteoporosis poses a significant public health challenge.
- Tailored dietary interventions are needed for bone health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a Bone Health Optimized Diet (BHOD) for precise osteoporosis risk reduction.
- To validate the BHOD's efficacy in diverse populations.
- To explore the BHOD's impact on genetic risk and other musculoskeletal disorders.
Main Methods:
- Utilized UK Biobank (UKB) dietary data from 183,092 participants.
- Employed food-wide association analysis and machine learning to construct the BHOD.
- Validated the BHOD in UKB and NHANES populations; conducted multi-omics analysis.
Main Results:
- The BHOD demonstrated a protective association with osteoporosis risk.
- BHOD showed benefits for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
- High BHOD adherence reduced the impact of genetic susceptibility on osteoporosis.
- Identified immune-inflammatory and lipid metabolism pathways linking diet to bone loss.
Conclusions:
- The BHOD is an effective, precise dietary strategy for osteoporosis prevention.
- BHOD offers broader benefits for musculoskeletal health.
- Dietary interventions like BHOD can modulate genetic risk for bone diseases.
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