Risk factors for postoperative urinary retention in benign anorectal diseases: a case-control study

This study aimed to explore the incidence of postoperative urinary retention (POUR) and the associated risk factors in patients with benign anorectal diseases.

A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from patients who underwent surgery for benign anorectal diseases between June 2020 and October 2023. Patients were categorized into the POUR group and the non-POUR group according to the occurrence of postoperative urinary retention. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors.

The incidence of POUR following surgery for benign anorectal diseases was 9.4%. Female sex (P<0.001), being married (P<0.001), age over 60 years (P=0.013), preoperative diabetes (P<0.001), benign prostatic hyperplasia in men (P=0.001), elevated preoperative serum creatinine levels (P=0.015), mixed hemorrhoids (P=0.001), subarachnoid anesthesia (P<0.001), and general anesthesia (P<0.001) were identified as independent risk factors for POUR in patients with benign anorectal diseases. In addition, the POUR group demonstrated a significantly longer length of hospital stay compared with the non-POUR group (P<0.05).

POUR results from the combined effects of multiple factors. Through the identification and analysis of POUR-related risk factors, interventions such as regulating perioperative glycemic control, optimizing renal function, and selecting appropriate anesthesia techniques may further reduce its incidence.

Chinese Clinical Trial Register identifier: ChiCTR2500097230.