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Related Concept Videos

Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by sustained extreme cold exposure, and severe...
Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature

Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in response to an infection or illness.
Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
06:43

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management

Published on: November 21, 2017

Accidental hypothermia.

Tomasz Darocha1, Mathieu Pasquier2, Konrad Mendrala3

  • 1Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland. tdarocha@sum.edu.pl.

Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
|July 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accidental hypothermia, a dangerous drop in body temperature, requires prompt management. Following the hypothermic chain of survival improves outcomes, especially for those with cardiac arrest.

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Last Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Esophageal Heat Transfer for Patient Temperature Control and Targeted Temperature Management
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Published on: November 21, 2017

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08:22

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Published on: October 27, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Environmental Health
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Accidental hypothermia is an unintentional core body temperature drop below 35°C.
  • It affects all ages and can occur in any climate, influenced by susceptibility, social factors, and environment.
  • As temperature falls, metabolism slows, consciousness declines, and the heart becomes prone to arrhythmias and cardiac arrest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of accidental hypothermia.
  • To emphasize the importance of the hypothermic chain of survival.
  • To highlight the role of extracorporeal life support in cardiac arrest cases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on accidental hypothermia.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria and clinical staging.
  • Outline of management strategies, including rewarming techniques and extracorporeal life support.

Main Results:

  • Cardiac arrest in hypothermia carries up to a 50% in-hospital mortality rate.
  • Accurate core temperature measurement is key for diagnosis.
  • Extracorporeal life support is vital for hypothermic cardiac arrest patients.
  • Most survivors of hypothermic cardiac arrest achieve excellent neurological outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management requires adherence to the hypothermic chain of survival.
  • Prevention, education, organized care pathways, and personalized strategies are crucial for improving outcomes.
  • Prompt and appropriate rewarming, with extracorporeal support when needed, is essential.