Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Electrospray Deposition of Uniform Thickness Ge23Sb7S70 and As40S60 Chalcogenide Glass Films
Published on: August 19, 2016
Cadmium-induced structural reorganization and coordination evolution in SeTeSn chalcogenide glasses: correlation with
Vishnu Saraswat1, S D Sharma2, R K Chaudhary2
1Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, SR University Warangal Telangana 506371 India.
Abstract:
In this study, quaternary SeTeSnCd chalcogenide glasses (ChGs) for radiation shielding applications are investigated. The gamma-ray and X-ray attenuation properties of the prepared glasses were studied in a wide energy range by using a high-purity diode detector and standard radioactive sources. The linear attenuation coefficient (LAC) was evaluated for thicknesses in the range of 0.5-2.0 mm, and a comprehensive thickness dependence analysis was performed, which has not been widely reported for such systems. The experimentally obtained LAC values were used to estimate key shielding parameters, including transmission factor (TF), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), mean free path (MFP), and radiation protection efficiency (RPE). These parameters were also calculated theoretically using the Phy-X/PSD program to confirm. The results indicate that the radiation shielding performance is improved significantly by increasing the cadmium content in the SeTeSn glass matrix. The RPE approaches almost 100% at low photon energies, whereas it decreases at high energies. In contrast, TF, HVL, TVL, and MFP increase with photon energy. A comparison shows that the studied ChGs exhibit better shielding performance than conventional commercial glasses, such as RS 360, RS 253G18, and types A, B, and C. The shielding efficiency order is Cd6 > Cd4 > Cd2 > RS360 > RS253G18 > Type A > Type B > Type C. It is also interesting to note that the prepared glasses have higher RPE values than the commercial 10 mm-thick glasses, even at 2 mm. These findings suggest that the synthesized ChGs are promising candidates for radiation shielding in diagnostic imaging applications across the energy range of 20-150 keV, including mammography, dental radiography, conventional X-ray imaging, and computed tomography/positron emission tomography (CT/PET) systems.
More Related Videos
08:55Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
Published on: June 7, 2018
09:22Synthesis and Performance Evaluations of ZnCoS/ZnCdS with Twin Crystal Structure for Multifunctional Redox Photocatalysis in Energy Applications
Published on: July 25, 2025
Related Concept Videos
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Colors and Magnetism
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Valence Bond Theory
The Seven Crystal Systems: Overview
Crystal Field Theory - Tetrahedral and Square Planar Complexes
Crystal field theory (CFT) is applicable to molecules in geometries other than octahedral. In octahedral complexes, the lobes of the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals point directly at the ligands. For tetrahedral complexes, the d orbitals remain in place, but with only four ligands located between the axes. None of the orbitals points directly at the tetrahedral ligands. However, the dx2−y2 and dz2 orbitals (along the Cartesian axes) overlap with the ligands less than the dxy,...
Variables Affecting Phosphorescence and Fluorescence