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Maternal Serum Polyol Levels Associated With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Large-for-Gestational-Age Infants: A
Tao Tan1, Meng Wang2, Yicheng Qi3
1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Clinical Nutrition, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Canadian Journal of Diabetes
|July 3, 2026
Summary
Elevated maternal serum polyol levels during pregnancy are linked to increased risks of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and large for gestational age (LGA) infants. This finding highlights potential dietary concerns for expectant mothers regarding sweetener intake.
Area of Science:
- Reproductive biology and metabolic health research.
- Nutritional science and toxicology.
Background:
- Polyols are common dietary sweeteners consumed during pregnancy.
- Understanding maternal diet's impact on pregnancy outcomes is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between maternal serum polyol levels and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
- To examine the relationship between maternal serum polyol levels and large for gestational age (LGA) infants.
Main Methods:
- A nested case-control study design was employed.
- Serum polyol concentrations (sorbitol, erythritol, xylitol, maltitol) were measured using gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
- Logistic regression analyses adjusted for confounders assessed associations with GDM and LGA outcomes.
Main Results:
- Higher maternal serum polyol levels were observed in women with LGA infants.
- A 1-unit increase in serum polyols correlated with increased odds of LGA (OR 1.71) and GDM (OR 1.52).
- Elevated polyols were also associated with higher birth weight and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR).
Conclusions:
- Elevated maternal serum polyol levels are positively associated with GDM risk.
- Higher polyol levels correlate with increased risk of LGA infants and higher birth weight.
- These findings suggest a potential link between dietary polyol intake and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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