Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 6, 2026
05:31
Murine Model of Thoracic Aortic Dissection Induced by Oral β-Aminopropionitrile and Subcutaneous Angiotensin II Infusion
Published on: May 16, 2025
Clinical and Radiographic Sex Related Difference in Patients with Acute Type B and Non-A Non-B Aortic Dissections
Magdalena Bork1, Joseph Kletzer1, Tim Berger1
1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center Freiburg, University Heart Centre Freiburg - Bad Krozingen, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Summary
Women with acute aortic dissection experience worse long-term survival despite similar early outcomes and management compared to men. Further research into sex-specific factors is crucial for improved risk stratification and follow-up strategies.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Medicine
- Thoracic Surgery
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Acute aortic dissection (AD) is a life-threatening condition with potential sex-based differences in presentation and outcomes.
- Understanding these differences is vital for optimizing patient management and improving survival rates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare clinical and radiographic characteristics, management, and outcomes between men and women with acute type B aortic dissection (TBAD) and non-A non-B AD.
- To identify sex-specific predictors of mortality in patients with acute AD.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 236 patients (2009-2022) with acute TBAD or non-A non-B AD.
- Comparison of clinical data, imaging findings (CT scans with multiplanar reconstruction), and treatment strategies between sexes.
- Univariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses to identify mortality predictors, exploring sex-risk factor interactions.
Main Results:
- Women had higher rates of heritable thoracic aortic disease (15% vs. 6.6%) and aortic rupture (18% vs. 6.8%).
- Absolute aortic dimensions were larger in men, but high-risk features like aortic diameter >40mm were more prevalent in women (77% vs. 57%).
- Despite similar management and early outcomes, women showed significantly worse five-year survival (log rank p=0.009), with malperfusion and rupture identified as independent predictors of mortality.
Conclusions:
- While baseline anatomy and early management are similar, women with acute aortic dissection face poorer long-term survival.
- Significant sex-related differences in long-term outcomes necessitate further investigation.
- Future research should focus on sex-specific risk stratification, disease mechanisms, and tailored follow-up strategies for acute aortic dissection.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
01:22Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests
Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
01:30Aneurysm I: Introduction
An aortic aneurysm is a localized outpouching or dilation at a weak point in the artery wall. It may involve different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal aorta, aortic arch, or thoracic aorta.Etiological factorsSeveral disorders are associated with aortic aneurysms.Congenital causes, such as primary connective tissue disorders like Marfan syndrome, impact the integrity and strength of connective tissues, notably affecting the aorta. Marfan syndrome is a genetic disorder that specifically...
01:15Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction
IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
01:26Aneurysm III: Interprofessional Care
Aneurysm management involves either conservative medical therapy or surgical intervention, depending on the size and symptoms of the aneurysm. Conservative management is generally reserved for smaller, asymptomatic aneurysms, while larger or symptomatic aneurysms often necessitate surgical repair.Conservative Medical TherapyFor small, asymptomatic aneurysms, particularly abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) less than 5.5 centimeters in diameter, conservative medical therapy is recommended. This...