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Updated: Jul 8, 2026

Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
Published on: December 20, 2016
Synergistic Ion-Solvent Modulation Derived Robust Multiphase Solid Electrolyte Interphases for High-Rate and
Jinlong Zhang1, Xiude Liu1, Yifei Zhang1
1Department of Polymeric Materials & Engineering, College of Materials & Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Huaxi District, Guiyang 550025, China.
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A conventional single-phase solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) lacks the multifunctionality to endure repeated Zn plating/stripping, making it difficult to achieve high-performance zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs). Herein, a synergistic ion-solvent modulation using 1-vinyl-3-ethylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (VElmBF4) constructs a multiphase SEI with enhanced mechanical and electrochemical stability, enabling reversible Zn2+ plating/stripping for a high Zn utilization rate (ZUR). Consequently, the multiphase SEI enables a Zn||Zn cell to have an ultralong rate capability at periodically changing current densities from 1 to 20 mA cm-2 for over 2500 h, an ultralong plating/stripping lifespan exceeding 4000 h at 1 mA cm-2, and superior stability for over 2000 h even under a high ZUR of 28.5%. Moreover, the Zn||Cu asymmetric cell demonstrates a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.86% in over 900 cycles at 5 mA cm-2, 2.5 mAh cm-2, which offers a promising avenue for high-performance ZIBs.
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