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Related Concept Videos

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies01:28

Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies

Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) StudiesKidney, Ureter, and Bladder (KUB) studies are standard diagnostic imaging procedures used to assess the anatomy of the urinary system. They are commonly utilized for patients experiencing abdominal pain or urinary symptoms. By using a simple X-ray of the abdomen, KUB studies can reveal structural and pathological abnormalities within the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. These studies are particularly valuable in diagnosing kidney stones, urinary...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

The Role of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence in Complex Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Navigation
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The Role of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence in Complex Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Navigation

Published on: January 31, 2025

Near-Infrared Fluorescence Imaging for Intraoperative Ureter Identification: A Systematic Review.

Cedric M W Pesch1, Cornelis G van Hoorn2, Jacobus Burggraaf1

  • 1Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|July 8, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging effectively identifies ureters during surgery, achieving high success rates with no significant adverse events. The choice of contrast agent depends on individual surgical needs.

Keywords:
FluorescenceIatrogenic ureter injury (IUI)Indocyanine green (ICG)Methylene blue (MB)Near-infrared (NIR)Ureter

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Published on: October 20, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Surgical Navigation
  • Medical Imaging
  • Urology

Background:

  • Ureter identification in abdominopelvic surgery is difficult, risking iatrogenic injury with incidence rates up to 10%.
  • Laparoscopic hysterectomies show the highest ureter injury rates (54%).
  • Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging offers a promising solution for intraoperative ureter identification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review all available NIR contrast agents for clinical research and surgical application.
  • To assess the efficacy and safety of NIR fluorescence imaging in ureter identification.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed and Embase databases.
  • Inclusion of clinical study reports, case series, and case reports.
  • Data extraction following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Forty-five articles were reviewed, predominantly featuring indocyanine green.
  • NIR fluorescence imaging, particularly with 800 nm agents, achieved identification rates of 95% or higher.
  • No significant treatment-related adverse events were reported for intravenous dyes; stent use with indocyanine green or fluorescent catheters showed higher technique-related adverse events.

Conclusions:

  • NIR fluorescence imaging is a safe and effective method for intraoperative ureter identification.
  • Contrast agent selection should consider agent characteristics, clinical availability, and surgical complexity.
  • This technique aids in preventing ureter injury during complex surgeries.