Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography
Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography
Imaging Studies I: Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder Studies
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The Role of Indocyanine Green Fluorescence in Complex Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Navigation
Published on: January 31, 2025
Cedric M W Pesch1, Cornelis G van Hoorn2, Jacobus Burggraaf1
1Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands; Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence imaging effectively identifies ureters during surgery, achieving high success rates with no significant adverse events. The choice of contrast agent depends on individual surgical needs.
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