The Correlation between Thyroid Function and Mental Disorders: An Overview and Future Prespectives.

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Psychiatry
• Neuroscience

Background:

• Thyroid hormones (TH) regulate metabolism and nervous system development.
• Abnormal TH levels are associated with mental disorders like depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia.
• Thyroid dysfunction, including hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism, impacts mental well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the link between thyroid dysfunction and mental disorders.
• To explore pathological mechanisms, epidemiological characteristics, and comorbidity patterns.
• To highlight the clinical value of combined screening and precision intervention.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review of epidemiological data.
• Analysis of pathological mechanisms linking thyroid function and mental disorders.
• Evaluation of thyroid autoantibodies, hormone supplementation, and screening.

Main Results:

• Thyroid autoantibodies play a pathogenic role and have biomarker value.
• Thyroid hormone supplementation can be adjunctive in treating mental disorders.
• Early thyroid function screening is clinically significant.

Conclusions:

• The interactive relationship between thyroid and mental disorders has significant clinical value.
• Interdisciplinary approaches are essential for combined screening and precision intervention.
• Further research is needed to address study limitations and advance clinical management.