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Inflammation

Inflammation

Inflammatory Response

Inflammatory Response

An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

Inflammatory Response I: Vascular and Cellular

The inflammatory response is the body's defense against infection, injury, or irritation from bacteria, trauma, toxins, or heat. Inflammation helps locate and destroy pathogens and remove damaged tissue elements to heal the body. During this initial phase, fluid, blood products, and nutrients migrate to the injured area, resulting in redness, heat, swelling, ache, and loss of function. Moreover, signs of systemic inflammation include fever, increased WBC count, malaise, anorexia, nausea,...

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute Inflammation I: Inflammatory Response

Acute inflammation is a rapid, short-lived physiological response to tissue injury or infection, designed to eliminate harmful agents and initiate repair. This tightly regulated process typically lasts from minutes to several days and is triggered by factors such as microbial invasion, physical trauma, or chemical injury.Recognition and Mediator ReleaseThe inflammatory response begins when resident immune cells—such as mast cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells—detect damage-associated...

Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase

Acute Inflammation II: Cellular Phase

The cellular phase of acute inflammation is a tightly orchestrated sequence of events that recruits leukocytes, primarily neutrophils, to sites of tissue injury or infection. Following the initial vascular changes, this phase ensures effective immune cell migration, activation, and function at the affected site to eliminate pathogens and initiate tissue repair.Leukocyte Recruitment CascadeLeukocyte recruitment happens in four steps: margination, adhesion, transmigration, and chemotaxis. Reduced...

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice

Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice

Published on: May 27, 2015

Beyond Inflammation: How Mast Cells Control Vascular Integrity.

Julissa González-González¹, Mónica Díaz-Coránguez¹, Claudia González-Espinosa^2,3

¹Pharmacobiology Department, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico City, Mexico.

Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology

|July 10, 2026

Summary

Mast cells (MCs) are crucial immune cells that influence blood vessel function and permeability. New research highlights their significant role in forming new blood vessels, particularly in tumors, leading to novel anti-angiogenic therapies.

Keywords:

Inflammation Mast cells Tumor angiogenesis Vascular structure

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Investigating Mast Cell Secretory Granules; from Biosynthesis to Exocytosis

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Last Updated: Jul 12, 2026

Analyzing the Functions of Mast Cells In Vivo Using 'Mast Cell Knock-in' Mice

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Published on: May 27, 2015

Isolation of Peritoneum-derived Mast Cells and Their Functional Characterization with Ca2+-imaging and Degranulation Assays

Isolation of Peritoneum-derived Mast Cells and Their Functional Characterization with Ca²⁺-imaging and Degranulation Assays

Published on: July 4, 2018

Investigating Mast Cell Secretory Granules; from Biosynthesis to Exocytosis

Investigating Mast Cell Secretory Granules; from Biosynthesis to Exocytosis

Published on: January 26, 2015

Area of Science:

Immunology
Vascular Biology
Oncology

Background:

Blood vessel function is regulated by immune cell-secreted mediators.
Mast cells (MCs) are key innate immune cells impacting inflammation and vascular permeability.
Emerging evidence links MCs to vascular network generation in normal and pathological settings.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the cellular and molecular characteristics of normal and intratumoral blood vessels.
To present evidence on the role of MCs and their mediators in generating intratumoral blood vessels.
To discuss novel anti-angiogenic therapies based on immune-endothelial cell interactions.

Main Methods:

Review of cellular and molecular characteristics of blood vessels.
Analysis of alterations in adhesion molecules and endothelial barrier properties.
Examination of evidence for MC participation in intratumoral angiogenesis.

Main Results:

Intratumoral blood vessels exhibit distinct cellular and molecular features compared to normal vessels.
MCs and their mediators actively contribute to the formation of intratumoral blood vessels.
Understanding MC-endothelial cell interactions informs new therapeutic strategies.

Conclusions:

Mast cells play a significant role in regulating blood vessel formation and function.
Targeting the interplay between immune cells and endothelial cells offers promising anti-angiogenic therapeutic avenues.
Further research into immune cell-mediated angiogenesis is critical for cancer treatment.