Patients' Perception of Information Provision Regarding Complications in Cardiac Surgery: A Thematic Analysis

Patients receive preoperative information about possible postoperative complications, but little is known about how they perceive this information or how they understand the consequences when complications occur.

This study explored how patients who experienced postoperative complications perceived preoperative information and how they understood the potential impact of those complications on their well-being.

A qualitative study was conducted with patients who had undergone elective coronary artery bypass grafting or valve surgery and experienced a postoperative complication (Clavien-Dindo ≥≥3B). A qualitative researcher conducted semi-structured telephone interviews. Thematic analysis was used to identify recurring themes.

Eight patients were interviewed. The most common complication was postoperative hemorrhage requiring rethoracotomy (n = 7). Six themes were identified: (1) Negative perceptions of risk communication, (2) Need for personalized aftercare, (3) Inadequate validation of emotional experiences, (4) Unawareness of perioperative information, (5) Diversity in patients' functioning and impact of complications, and (6) Discontinuity of care. Patients need a comprehensive explanation of complications that occurred, partly because they did not fully understand the consequences. Patients and family members needed emotional support during the perioperative period. Patients preferred follow-up care by the same physician within the same hospital.

Patients who experienced complications after cardiac surgery expressed a desire for more detailed discussions of complications and their consequences, increased emotional support, and continuity of care. Potential improvements in perioperative care in this specific patient group could include debriefing of complications, providing psychological support, and offering video or phone consultations.