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Recent Advances in Detection Technologies for Melamine in Food Matrices
Qianru Meng1, Feijie Wang1, Shiqiang Ouyang1
1Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Advanced Manufacturing Equipment Technology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry
|July 14, 2026
Summary
Detecting melamine adulteration in food is crucial for public health. This review assesses current and emerging methods for melamine detection, highlighting challenges and future directions for reliable food safety monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Food Science
- Analytical Chemistry
- Public Health
Background:
- Melamine adulteration in food poses significant risks to public health and challenges conventional protein analysis.
- Existing detection methods have limitations in terms of cost, complexity, and on-site applicability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically review and summarize recent advancements in melamine detection technologies for food matrices.
- To identify the strengths and weaknesses of various detection strategies, including conventional and emerging methods.
Main Methods:
- Review of conventional physicochemical analysis (chromatography, mass spectrometry).
- Assessment of emerging techniques: optical, spectroscopic, electrochemical sensing, molecular recognition, and intelligent integrated platforms.
Main Results:
- Conventional methods are accurate but costly and time-consuming.
- Emerging methods offer rapid, portable screening but face challenges like matrix interference, stability, and standardization.
- No single method currently meets all requirements for large-scale implementation.
Conclusions:
- Future research must focus on improving the robustness, selectivity, portability, and data processing of detection systems.
- Development of practical, reliable, and intelligent platforms is essential for effective food safety monitoring.
- Standardization and validation are critical for the widespread adoption of new melamine detection technologies.

