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The Multifaceted Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Serena El Rayes1, Ebaa Ababneh1, Varun Nannuri1
1Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, 6900 Lake Nona Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32827, USA.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 15, 2026
Summary
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) progression and metastasis. EVs also show promise as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic delivery vehicles for TNBC management.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is aggressive, lacking targeted therapy options.
- Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate intercellular communication in TNBC, driving progression and metastasis.
- EVs contribute to tumor microenvironment remodeling, immune evasion, and therapeutic resistance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the multifaceted role of EVs in TNBC pathophysiology.
- To highlight EVs as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for TNBC.
- To discuss the therapeutic potential of EVs in TNBC treatment.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on EV biology in TNBC.
- Analysis of EV-mediated mechanisms in TNBC progression and metastasis.
- Evaluation of EV-based diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Main Results:
- EVs transport oncogenic cargo, promoting TNBC growth and spread.
- EV signatures can predict treatment response and patient risk.
- EVs demonstrate potential as targeted delivery systems for various therapeutics.
Conclusions:
- EVs are central to TNBC progression, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance.
- EVs serve as valuable biomarkers for TNBC diagnosis and prognosis.
- Engineered EVs offer a promising platform for novel TNBC therapeutics and precision oncology.
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