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Published on: March 7, 2019
Dose-Response Relationships Between Physical Activity, Dietary Behaviors, and Excess Body Weight: Identification of
1Department of Biological Principles of Physical Activity, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland.
Nutrients
|July 15, 2026
Summary
Unhealthy eating habits significantly predict excess body weight and adiposity in young adults. While physical activity offers some protection, poor dietary choices remain the dominant factor influencing obesity risk.
Area of Science:
- Behavioral science
- Nutritional science
- Public health
Background:
- Dietary behaviors and physical activity are key factors in excess body weight.
- Less is understood about behavioral risk patterns and physical activity's role within unhealthy eating patterns.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify behavioral risk patterns and profiles linked to overweight/obesity and excess adiposity in physically active young adults.
- To explore the interplay between physical activity and dietary habits in relation to body composition.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study of 418 university students.
- Assessed physical activity (IPAQ-LF) and dietary behaviors (QEB questionnaire).
- Derived healthy (fruit-vegetable) and unhealthy (fast food-sweets) dietary indices; applied logistic regression, predicted probability profiling, behavioral risk mapping, response surface analyses, and decision tree models.
Main Results:
- The unhealthy dietary index was the strongest predictor of excess body weight and adiposity.
- Higher intake of fast food and sweets correlated with increased odds of overweight/obesity and excess fat.
- Physical activity showed a protective association with BMI-defined overweight/obesity, but no significant interaction with diet.
Conclusions:
- Unhealthy dietary behaviors have a stronger link to excess body weight and adiposity than healthy eating.
- Despite physical activity's general benefit, unhealthy eating patterns are more strongly associated with adverse body composition outcomes.
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