Investigation of Surface Integrity in Ultra-Precision Grinding of TiC-Reinforced Ti₃SiC₂ (MAX Phase Composite)

Precision glass molding is an economical and resource-efficient method for manufacturing precision optics in a replicative way, offering advantages over conventional manufacturing methods, particularly for complex geometries. However, challenges arise due to different thermal expansion coefficients between the mold and the glass, which lead to shape deviations during the cooling process and require high compensation efforts. This study investigates the machining behavior during ultra-precision grinding of an innovative MAX phase composite whose coefficient of thermal expansion can be specifically adapted to that of glass. The aim is to evaluate the influences of varying process parameters and material configurations on surface integrity and the suitability of ultra-precision grinding for mold manufacturing in the context of precision glass molding. Systematic grinding tests were carried out and complemented by force measurements. The resulting surfaces were characterized using optical measurement technology and atomic force microscopy; in addition, the edge zone was analyzed using transmission electron microscopy. The results confirm the basic suitability of ultra-precision grinding for the MAX phase composite but point to potential subsurface damage that could limit its usability in precision glass molding.