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Updated: Jul 16, 2026

In Situ Lithiated Reference Electrode: Four Electrode Design for In-operando Impedance Spectroscopy
Published on: September 12, 2018
The LIQUID endstation for in situ spectro-electrochemical studies on energy materials @ BACH beamline
I Napal Azcona1,2, F Salvador1, Z Liang3
1CNR - Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Basovizza Area Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy.
Abstract:
A new endstation completely dedicated to the study of X-ray absorption spectroscopy in the soft X-ray energy range in liquid environments has been developed and implemented on one of the three branch lines of BACH beamline at Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste. The new endstation can host different cells developed for various purposes and is available to researchers for experiments. The first prototype of cell developed in 2018 has been upgraded and made compatible with the new endstation. Alongside this, a second cell dedicated to experiments with materials for batteries has been implemented. Here we report all the technical specifications of the new apparatus along with examples of demonstrated applications of the cells.
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