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Updated: Jul 17, 2026
03:49
Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) Quantification System
Published on: September 20, 2018
Population-Based Analysis of Prevalence, Associated Anomalies, and Mortality in Anorectal Malformations in Finland
Alexander Salminen1,2, Sandra Tötterman1,2,3, Ilkka Helenius1,2,4
1University of Turku, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Finland, Turku.
Summary
Anorectal malformations (ARMs) affect 8.00 per 10,000 births in Finland, with stable prevalence. Mortality is linked to severe associated anomalies, but isolated ARM survival is 100%.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Surgery
- Medical Genetics
- Public Health
Background:
- Anorectal malformations (ARMs) are the most frequent congenital gastrointestinal anomalies.
- ARMs present a spectrum from mild anal stenosis to complex anorectal, genital, and urinary tract abnormalities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence, mortality rates, and associated anomalies of anorectal malformations in the Finnish population.
- To analyze trends in ARM prevalence and identify risk factors for mortality.
Main Methods:
- A population-based study utilizing Finnish national registers for live births, stillbirths, and terminations of pregnancy due to fetal anomalies.
- Inclusion criteria encompassed all individuals diagnosed with ARM between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2017.
Main Results:
- A total of 646 ARM cases were identified, with a prevalence of 8.00 per 10,000 births, showing stable rates from 2004-2017.
- Neonatal and infant mortality rates were 4.6% and 6.0%, respectively, significantly associated with congenital heart defects and VACTERL association.
- Isolated ARM cases demonstrated a 100% postnatal survival rate; common associated anomalies included urinary tract, heart, and limb malformations.
Conclusions:
- The prevalence of anorectal malformations in Finland has remained consistent over the study period.
- Mortality in neonatal and infant periods is a significant concern, especially in cases with severe associated anomalies, multiple congenital abnormalities, and syndromic conditions.
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