Half-hourly ground surface temperature dataset from 24 sites in Wudaoliang, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, 2019-2023

Ground surface temperature (GST) is an essential boundary condition for permafrost modeling and satellite-product evaluation, yet high-frequency, multi-year GST observations on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) remain sparse, particularly within the interior continuous permafrost zone. Here we present a publicly available dataset of half-hourly GST measured at 24 sites in the Wudaoliang region of the central QTP. The network spans three dominant alpine land-cover types (alpine desert, alpine steppe, and alpine meadow) and elevations of 4,543-4,741 m a.s.l. HOBO temperature loggers were installed at 3-5 cm depth and recorded GST at 30-minute intervals from September 2019 to September 2023. The time series were quality controlled using physical-range screening and change-point checks, and disturbance-affected segments associated with frost-jacking were removed, yielding 1,399,008 valid records. The release includes quality-controlled GST time series, site-level metadata and a traceable exclusion log. This dataset supports reuse for the site- and grid-scale evaluation and calibration of satellite land surface temperature and freeze-thaw products, as well as studies of near-surface ground thermal dynamics in high-elevation permafrost regions.