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Updated: Aug 5, 2026
Technical Approach for Structural Analysis of an Unknown Compound in Huoxiang Zhengqi Oral Liquid based on Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry
Published on: April 3, 2026
From charge dependence to host-guest recognition: A reliable CZE method for simultaneous separation and determination
Rui Zhang1, Biying Guo1, Xin Zhou1
1National Key Laboratory for the Development and Utilization of Forest Food Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China; Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Abstract:
Simultaneous separation of structurally similar flavonoid glycosides remains challenging in functional food analysis. This study investigated the migration behavior of eight flavonoid glycosides by capillary zone electrophoresis with UV detection (CZE-UV). Phenolic deprotonation governed effective charge and electrophoretic mobility. However, strong pH dependence reduced robustness, prompting the exploration of less charge-dependent strategies. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) provided limited improvement, whereas methyl-β-cyclodextrin (Me-β-CD) enabled stereoselective host-guest recognition and separated all eight analytes within 12 min under optimized conditions (5.0 mM Me-β-CD). The method showed good linearity and an LOD of approximately 0.3 μg/mL, supporting its use in quality control of purified moringa leaf extracts and related functional food materials. It quantified isoquercitrin and hyperoside as major flavonoid glycosides and detected two trace peaks tentatively assigned to spiraeoside and isovitexin with LC-MS/MS support.
