Development of spectroscopic methods using charge transfer complex for the quantitative estimation of proguanil...

Analytical methods utilizing the donor-acceptor phenomenon for proguanil (PRGL), an antimalarial medication, that are straightforward, quick, and possess a wide linear dynamic range for drug quantification and its toxicity assessment have not been published in the literature. This study spectrophotometrically validated two economical and effective analytical methods based on the complexation of PRGL with π-acceptors, chloranilic acid (CHLA) and 7,7,8,8-Tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) along with its Insilco toxicity evaluation using ADMET tool. Multiple analytical variables were examined. The linear dynamic range was notably effective, spanning from 5 to 80 μg mL^-1 for CHLA and from 2 to 30 μg mL^-1 for TCNQ techniques. The solid charge transfer complexes produced were assessed through different analytical techniques, such as UV-DRS, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, TGA-DTA, and powder X-ray diffraction. This study investigated the biological evolution of charge transfer (CT) complexes through the analysis of BSA protein binding and antimicrobial activity. The interaction between the CT complex and BSA was revealed by UV - Vis spectral analysis. The antibacterial efficacy of both CT complexes demonstrates significant effects. The CT complexes may exhibit promising biological activity and could be considered for further investigation as potential bioactive candidates in future studies. The molecular docking results verified the outcomes of the experiment. The outcomes obtained are appropriate for estimating the PRGL in its pharmaceutical formulation. The developed method's greenness was evaluated according to the AGREE guidelines and found satisfactory.