Redefining Periodontal Care: Innovative Solutions for Diverse Populations

Area of Science:

• Oral Health
• Public Health
• Periodontology

Background:

• Periodontal diseases are highly prevalent globally, posing a significant public health challenge.
• Special populations (geriatric, pediatric, pregnant, disabled, medically compromised, socioeconomically disadvantaged) face a higher disease burden.
• Complex systemic, behavioral, and environmental factors contribute to increased susceptibility in these groups.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of periodontal health in diverse special populations.
• To highlight key risk determinants, clinical challenges, and management strategies.
• To emphasize the need for tailored and equitable periodontal care.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review of current literature on periodontal health in special populations.
• Analysis of risk factors, clinical considerations, and emerging treatment modalities.
• Synthesis of evidence on preventive and management strategies.

Main Results:

• Aging, pregnancy, systemic diseases (e.g., diabetes), and socioeconomic factors significantly impact periodontal health.
• Pediatric and geriatric populations present unique challenges influenced by development and immunosenescence.
• Disparities in access to care and social determinants exacerbate disease progression.

Conclusions:

• Effective periodontal management requires a multidisciplinary, patient-centered approach integrating oral and systemic healthcare.
• Preventive strategies, early intervention, and patient education are vital.
• Innovative approaches like tele-dentistry and personalized care can improve accessibility and outcomes for special populations.