Characterization of ether-linked phosphatidylcholine from boiled ark shell (Scapharca subcrenata) lipids using...

Crude lipids from boiled ark shell (Scapharca subcrenata) were extracted using either Folch solvent (chloroform:methanol, 2:1, v/v) at room temperature or 95% ethanol under heating conditions. After phospholipase A₁ (PLA₁) treatment, lipids were recovered using either Folch solvent or HIP solvent (hexane:isopropanol, 3:2, v/v). Accordingly, three experimental conditions were established based on the extraction and recovery solvent combinations, namely F-F, E-F, and E-HIP. Highest lipid recovery rate (71.1%) was observed under the E-HIP, and HPLC-ELSD analysis revealed that the ethanol extracts (E-F: 24.4 mg/g, E-HIP: 28.2 mg/g) exhibited higher ether-linked PC contents than the Folch extract (F-F: 15.2 mg/g). GC-FID analysis of the sn-2 fatty acid composition of ether-linked PC showed that unsaturated fatty acids accounted for more than 70% in all samples. LC-ESI-MS analysis revealed a dominant ion at m/z 792 in all samples, corresponding to ether-linked PC species containing a polyunsaturated fatty acid at the sn-2 position.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10068-026-02196-8.