A Basalt Fiber-Based Three-Dimensional Skeleton Interfacial Layer for Highly Stable Zinc Anodes

In aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs), the cycling stability of zinc metal anodes is severely constrained by uncontrolled dendritic growth and interfacial side reactions such as hydrogen evolution and corrosion. This study constructs an organic-inorganic artificial composite interfacial layer (BFLA) composed of LA132 aqueous binder and short basalt fibers on the surface of the zinc anode via a facile process. This coating leverages the flexible matrix of LA132 synergistically with the three-dimensional skeleton of basalt fibers to effectively regulate the interfacial environment. It enhances interfacial wettability and the Zn²⁺ transference number (0.74), guiding uniform zinc ion deposition to suppress dendrites, while simultaneously acting as a physicochemical barrier that significantly inhibits hydrogen evolution and corrosion side reactions. Electrochemical results demonstrate the outstanding performance of the BFLA@Zn anode. Symmetric cells achieve stable cycling for over 1200 h at 1 mA cm^-2 and maintain stability for more than 650 h even at 10 mA cm^-2. BFLA@Zn||Cu half-cells deliver a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.8% at 5 mA cm^-2. BFLA@Zn||NH₄V₄O₁₀ full cells show significantly enhanced capacity retention compared to bare zinc cells after 1180 cycles at 5 A g^-1. This study provides an effective strategy for achieving high-performance and long-life AZIBs.