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Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Closed-chest Coronary Occlusion/Reperfusion Model in Göttingen Minipigs and Landrace Pigs
14:35

Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Closed-chest Coronary Occlusion/Reperfusion Model in Göttingen Minipigs and Landrace Pigs

Published on: April 17, 2021

Patient Selection, Referral Framework and Emerging Therapies in Severe Ischemic Heart Failure: A State-of-the-Art

Jawad Basit1, Ankit Hanmandlu2, Bourann Husainy2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics
|August 11, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Severe ischemic heart disease may cause heart failure. Early referral for advanced therapies, including mechanical support or palliative care, can improve outcomes for patients with refractory symptoms.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Heart Failure Research

Background:

  • Chronic ischemic heart disease can result in myocardial damage and heart failure.
  • Evaluating patients with ischemic heart disease requires consideration of various factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the comprehensive evaluation process for patients with ischemic heart disease.
  • To identify criteria for early referral to advanced therapies for heart failure.

Main Methods:

  • Review of noninvasive assessments.
  • Physiologic testing and angiographic analysis.
  • Assessment of patient comorbidities and functional status.

Main Results:

  • Comprehensive evaluation guides revascularization decisions.
  • Specific clinical indicators prompt consideration of advanced therapies.
  • Mechanical circulatory support serves as a bridge to transplant.

Conclusions:

  • Early referral is crucial for patients with recurrent heart failure hospitalizations, right heart failure, refractory ventricular arrhythmias, or intolerance to medical therapy.
  • Mechanical support and palliative care are vital advanced therapy options.
  • Palliative services can enhance outcomes and quality of life for non-transplant candidates.

Keywords:
Advanced heart failureCoronary artery diseaseIschemic heart failureSevere ischemic heart diseaseSystolic heart failure

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