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Cardiac Autotransplantation for Cardiac Tumors: A Systematic Review
Daler Rahimov1, Mila B Cooper2, Matthew C Callesano1
1Department of Cardiac Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
The Journal of Surgical Research
|August 14, 2026
Summary
Cardiac autotransplantation is a feasible surgical option for complex left-sided heart tumors. This procedure offers acceptable risk in select patients, but combining it with pneumonectomy increases mortality.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Surgery
- Surgical Oncology
- Thoracic Oncology
Background:
- Cardiac autotransplantation is a rare technique for complex left-sided heart tumors.
- Limited data exist on clinical outcomes, necessitating a comprehensive evidence synthesis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and analyze outcomes of cardiac autotransplantation for tumor resection.
- To provide an overview of the procedure's application and associated risks.
Main Methods:
- Systematic search of case reports and series up to June 2025.
- Inclusion of 22 studies with 56 patients for data extraction and analysis.
Main Results:
- Sarcomas were the most common tumor type (52%), primarily in the left atrium (80.3%).
- In-hospital mortality was 11%, significantly higher with concomitant pneumonectomy (36.4%) versus autotransplantation alone (4.4%).
- Overall survival at median follow-up was 63%.
Conclusions:
- Cardiac autotransplantation is a viable approach for carefully selected patients undergoing tumor resection.
- Concomitant pneumonectomy is associated with increased perioperative mortality, indicating higher procedural risk and disease extent.
