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When doctors are not present: Understanding patients trying generative AI in the post-prescription stage
1Department of Marketing and Distribution Management, Asia Eastern University of Science and Technology, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
Digital Health
|August 15, 2026
Summary
User engagement with health generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is driven by attitude toward the process of trying, not just success. Skepticism impacts user attitudes, influencing engagement with AI health tools.
Area of Science:
- Digital Health
- Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
- Health Psychology
Background:
- Patients often manage health between physician visits, increasingly using generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) for information.
- Psychological drivers of user engagement and subscription for healthcare GenAI are not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how digital self-efficacy and health-AI skepticism influence attitudes towards success, failure, and the process of trying in health-related GenAI interactions.
- To understand user engagement and subscription intentions for healthcare GenAI.
Main Methods:
- Survey data from 634 active ChatGPT users seeking health information.
- Analysis using component-based partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).
Main Results:
- Attitude toward the process of trying was the strongest predictor of user engagement, followed by attitude toward success.
- Attitude toward failure did not predict engagement but positively correlated with subscription intention.
- Health-AI skepticism negatively impacted attitudes toward success and the process of trying, and positively correlated with concerns about failure.
Conclusions:
- Process-oriented and success-oriented evaluations are crucial for understanding engagement and subscription intention in health management GenAI.
- Findings clarify motivational pathways for health-related GenAI use.
- Implications for designing supportive and ethical AI health systems.
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