Nurse-led AI-based educational intervention to improve adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and willingness toward...

To evaluate the effectiveness of a nurse-led educational intervention based on artificial intelligence (AI) to improve knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to donate organs and tissues among adolescents aged 16-18.

A mixed-methods study was conducted using a pre-post quasi-experimental design and a phenomenological qualitative analysis. The CAT-DO survey was previously validated using the Delphi methodology. The intervention, developed by intensive care nurses, included three AI-mediated learning experiences simulating interactions with a transplant coordinator, a peer, and a family member. Outcomes assessed included knowledge of brain death and legislation, attitudes toward donation, and intention to donate.

A total of 102 adolescents completed the intervention. Moderate effect sizes were observed in knowledge of brain death and legal frameworks (Cohen's d = 0.51-0.59), while attitude towards donation and willingness to donate showed smaller effects (Cohen's d = 0.34-0.37). Thematic analysis revealed emotional reflection, ethical awareness, and the importance of shared decision-making. The most prominent theme was "Donor Organs," closely linked to "Helping Others" and "Acceptance of Brain Death."

The AI-based educational intervention was applied in secondary education and encouraged reflection, helped to solve doubts and highlighted shared decision-making about organ and tissue donation. Its main value was the creation of a personalised and interactive space, focused on students' concerns, although implementation required previous training and an ethical and responsible use of AI.

Nurse-led educational interventions using artificial intelligence can be integrated into secondary school curricula to enhance adolescents' understanding of organ donation. Structured digital content, ethical guidance, and technological accessibility are essential to ensure meaningful engagement and informed decision-making.