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Adaptive teaching, self-regulated learning and mathematics learning outcomes: a social cognitive model of learner
Shiqin Peng1,2, Tongyao Han1
1Basic Teaching Department, Yunnan Vocational College of Mechanical and Electrical Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
Introduction:
This study examined the associations among adaptive teaching practices, self-regulated learning (SRL), and mathematics learning outcomes in vocational education, with SRL conceptualized as a form of learner agency within Zimmerman's social-cognitive model of self-regulated learning.
Methods:
A quantitative cross-sectional design was used with questionnaire data from 350 vocational education students enrolled in mathematics-related courses. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were conducted using SPSS and AMOS. The indirect association through SRL was assessed using 2,000 bootstrap resamples.
Results:
Adaptive teaching was positively associated with SRL (β= 0.520, p < 0.001) and mathematics learning outcomes (β= 0.125, p < 0.001). SRL was positively associated with mathematics learning outcomes (β= 0.241, p < 0.001). The standardized indirect association between adaptive teaching and mathematics learning outcomes through SRL was 0.125, supporting partial statistical mediation.
Discussion:
The findings indicate that adaptive instructional support and learner self-regulation are complementary components of vocational mathematics learning. The results extend SRL theory by representing teacher-provided adaptive support and learner regulation within a single structural model. Because the study used a cross-sectional design, the indirect association should not be interpreted as causal evidence.
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