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Updated: Sep 19, 2026

The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
Published on: June 12, 2020
Reproducible Temperament Profiles in Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Prospectively Predict
Michael B Kozlowski1, Jaden A Sangoi2, Hannah E Morton1
1Center for Mental Health Innovation, Oregon Health & Science University.
Abstract:
Currently, the field faces controversy about how to integrate novel, trait-based dimensions into existing psychological diagnostic frameworks. The problem is salient for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which encompasses a partially coherent neurodevelopmental syndrome that is nonetheless heterogeneous with respect to mechanism and outcomes. Here, we suggest that temperament profiles, related to trait-based variation in emotional response and regulation, provide a viable way to link the complexity of within-group trait variation to differences in clinical outcomes. Across two large, independent samples of adolescents with ADHD (Oregon ADHD-1000, ABCD) we identified largely reproducible temperament profiles: a high approach motivation profile ("Surgent") and a high negative emotion profile ("Irritable"). In both samples, the Irritable profile prospectively predicted worsening clinical outcomes over multiple years of longitudinal follow-up. Temperament profiling approaches can contribute to improved risk/resilience prediction among individuals with ADHD and help bridge dimensional models of psychopathology with developmental process and clinical decision-making.
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