A Qualitative Examination of Decision Making Among University Students With Regards Engaging in Dance or Tai Chi

Guided by the COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation) model of behaviour, this qualitative study sought to identify perceived facilitators and barriers influencing university students' decision-making regarding participation in dance and Tai Chi activities.

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 13 university students (Mage = 26 years; SD = ±8.56). Data were analysed using reflective thematic analysis to deductively identify capability, opportunity, and motivation factors influencing decision-making regarding participation in dance and Tai Chi activities.

Whilst participants recognised several positive physical and mental health outcomes that may result from physical activity, serval barriers were identified regarding participation in dance and Tai Chi. For dance participation, these included confidence issues (n = 8), gender stereotypes (n = 10), financial constraints (n = 10), time limitations (n = 8), and perceived high skill difficulty (n = 4). For Tai Chi, barriers included perception of it being an elderly activity (n = 6), limited advertising (and thus awareness) in western contexts (n = 6), and social media anxiety regarding uniqueness (n = 4). Perceived facilitators of participation included social media exposure for dance (n = 5), family support for both activities (n = 3), and knowledge of health benefits, particularly for Tai Chi (n = 11).

The study reveals gender stereotypes in dance and age-related perceptions of Tai Chi as presenting barriers for participation, alongside with practical constraints of time and finances. Findings suggest that dance and Tai Chi health interventions should leverage social media platforms for promotion, addressing stereotypes, focus on beginner-friendly approaches, and emphasise immediate and long-term benefits. Dance interventions should incorporate contemporary and culturally aligned genres to enhance appeal among younger demographics.